Tóm tắt

Malaria is an infectious illness which has a huge impact on mankind and that cuts in government budgetsrnacross developing and underdeveloped communities. Children in the continent of Africa bear 90% of thernmortality burden of malaria. Nearly 1.2 million deaths are caused every year in Africa due to malaria.rnNearby 70% of the world’s malaria infection is located in 11 African countries and in Indian subcontinent.rnPeople suffering from early stage malaria progress to cerebral malaria although systematic treatmentsrnwere followed indicated that advance and proper detection methods need to be developed and diagnosedrnthe disease at early stage that might improve their care. It is vital to develop an uncomplicated, conve-nient, and economical, integrated biosensors that can be operated outside the laboratory by untrainedrnpersonnel for diagnosis of early stage malaria. Main challenges for this require implementation of com-plex biosensing methods into low-cost technologies. Point-of-care testing is a medical diagnostic processrnwhich is conducted to the nearby patient and does not require any well trained personnel. This diagnosisrntechnology should be economical and beneficial to the large section of population in developing nations.rnIn this review, different sensitive biosensors for malaria diagnosis using several surface modificationrnstrategies were discussed. A unique redox cycling technology was described to amplify the signal to back-ground ratios for ultrasensitive malaria detection which are suitable for onsite diagnosis. Also, somernadvanced nanobiosensing technologies were described on the commercial arena for following generationrnpoint-of-care testing.